Electromagnetic energy storage portable solar cell

Which materials are used in flexible energy storage devices?

Firstly, a concise overview is provided on the structural characteristics and properties of carbon-based materials and conductive polymer materials utilized in flexible energy storage devices. Secondly, the fabrication process and strategies for optimizing their structures are summarized.

Which energy storage systems are applied to wearable electronic devices?

The energy storage systems applied to wearable electronic devices in this review are categorized into two groups: water-based systems and organic-based systems. Water-based systems include SCs, ZIBs, and metal–air batteries, while organic-based systems consist of LIBs, LSBs, SIBs, and PIBs.

What types of energy sources are available for portable and wearable devices?

The energy sources available for portable and wearable electronic devices, such as mechanical energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, and solar energy, are extensive. According to the characteristics of these forms of energy, energy harvesting systems suitable for collecting various forms of energy have gained substantial attention.

Can flexible-wearable solar cells provide self-powered wearable devices?

Similarly, photovoltaic platforms can be integrated into hybrid platforms and can be used in diverse applications. Herein, we summarize the recent approaches to developing flexible–wearable solar cells as energy sources for supplying self-powered wearable devices.

Are flexible energy storage devices effective?

The advent of the smart electronics era necessitates the development of environmentally friendly, electrochemically superior, and lightweight flexible energy storage devices. However, the current performance of the developed flexible energy storage devices still falls short in meeting practical application demands.

Are replaceable batteries a viable energy source for portable and wearable devices?

For portable and wearable electronic devices, the energy supply is a major obstacle to its flexible and integrated application. Replaceable batteries are now the common energy source of electronic devices. However, the rigid characteristics of these batteries limit the overall flexibility of electronic devices.